This note was written by Mohamed Sirajutheen, Partner. How Tamil Nadu transformed property registration from a rubber stamp to a robust gatekeeping mechanism The real estate landscape in Tamil Nadu just experienced a seismic shift. The state government's Registration (Amendment) Act, 2025, which has received Presidential assent, fundamentally changes how property transactions work. Gone are the days when registration was merely a formality - it's now a comprehensive verificat

This article was written by Akshay Vasantgadkar, Senior Associate. When a company is started in India, the first thing a founder issues to themselves (and to their co-founders) are equity shares. As the company grows and raises money from outside investors, a founder will quickly hear about another instrument: CCPS (Compulsorily Convertible Preference Shares), among other instruments that we touched on in our previous note. For many first-time founders, the difference between

This article was written by Karthik Jayakumar, Partner. When early-stage founders raise capital in India, especially through instruments like compulsorily convertible preference shares (CCPS) or compulsorily convertible debentures (CCDs), they often encounter two terms that shape the economics of the deal: conversion rights and dividend rights (not relevant for CCDs). Despite appearing technical, these rights influence how much of your company an investor ultimately owns and

For many first-time founders, this concept is confusing because “dilution” already feels like a normal consequence of growth — every new fundraise reduces the founder’s percentage. So what exactly is “anti-dilution”? And why does it only protect investors and not founders?

When you are raising funds for your startup in India, you will likely hear the term "liquidation preference". This article will explain what liquidation preferences are, and why it matters to a first-time Indian founder.

What are the three main types of debentures in India? Debentures function as borrowings with pre-agreed repayment terms. They often carry interest obligations and a maturity period. For startups, they provide a way to access capital without instant dilution of ownership. Whether or not dilution happens later depends on the variety of debenture you choose.

This article was written by Varshinee AS, Associate, and Karthik Jayakumar, Partner. What are the typical instruments that investors use...

In a recent judgement passed by the Madras High Court in the matter of the appointment of an IRP by a NCLT order has been overturned by the Madras High court.

Discover the crucial differences between binding clauses and non-binding clauses in a term sheet. Learn how binding clauses impact founders.

This article was written by Aneesh Sudharsan, Associate, and Karthik Jayakumar, Partner. As a first-time Indian founder, you may have...

A term sheet is a preliminary document, which elaborates on the proposed terms and conditions, as mutually agreed between parties, that would form a base for the proposed transaction and the more full-blown agreements.

Ferrero has managed to get the prestigious recognition of being a well-known trademark in India.